Numerical verification for asymmetric solutions of the Henon equation on bounded domains

The Henon equation, a generalized form of the Emden equation, admits symmetry breaking bifurcation for a certain ratio of the transverse velocity to the radial velocity. Therefore, it has asymmetric solutions on a symmetric domain even though the Emden equation has no asymmetric unidirectional solution on such a domain. We discuss a numerical verification method for proving the existence of solutions of the Henon equation on a bounded domain. By applying the method to a line-segment domain and a square domain, we numerically prove the existence of solutions of the Henon equation for several parameters representing the ratio of transverse to radial velocity. As a result, we find a set of undiscovered solutions with three peaks on the square domain. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.