Organic Molecular Signatures of the Congo River and Comparison to the Amazon

被引:19
|
作者
Kurek, Martin R. [1 ]
Stubbins, Aron [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Drake, Travis W. [5 ]
Dittmar, Thorsten [6 ,7 ]
M. S. Moura, Jose [8 ]
Holmes, R. Max [9 ]
Osterholz, Helena [6 ,10 ]
Six, Johan [5 ]
Wabakanghanzi, Jose N. [11 ]
Dinga, Bienvenu [12 ]
Mitsuya, Miyuki [8 ]
Spencer, Robert G. M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA
[2] Northeastern Univ, Dept Marine & Environm Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[3] Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[4] Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[5] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Environm Syst Sci, Zurich, Switzerland
[6] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm ICBM, Oldenburg, Germany
[7] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Helmholtz Inst Funct Marine Biodivers HIFMB, Oldenburg, Germany
[8] Fed Univ Western Para, Ctr Interdisciplinary Format, Santarem, Brazil
[9] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA
[10] Leibniz Inst Balt Sea Res Warnemunde, Marine Chem, Rostock, Germany
[11] Congo Atom Energy Commiss, Dept Soil Phys & Hydrol, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO
[12] Minst Rech Sci, Grp Rech Sci Exactes & Nat GRSEN DGRST, Brazzaville, Rep Congo
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
DOM; DOC; Amazon; Congo; FT-ICR MS; MATTER COMPOSITION; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; LAND-USE; CARBON; MASS; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; VARIABILITY; DYNAMICS; STREAMS; FOREST;
D O I
10.1029/2022GB007301
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The Congo and Amazon are the two largest rivers on Earth and serve as major sources of dissolved organic carbon to the ocean. We compared the dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition of both rivers using Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to investigate seasonal and regional differences in DOM composition exported to the ocean. We found that over a 15-month observational period in the Congo River, molecular aromaticity and oxygenation between the wet and dry periods varied slightly, but most of the relative abundance of DOM formulae (similar to 90%) were present in all samples, suggesting that Congo River DOM quality is stable across different hydrological conditions. In contrast, the multi-year DOM composition in the Amazon River was highly susceptible to changes in hydrology, with clear differences in molecular aromaticity, oxygenation, and heteroatom (N, S, P) content between the wet and dry seasons. Overall, the DOM composition of the Congo River was more terrestrial than Amazon River DOM, which was more characteristic of aquatic DOM. Finally, we compared the relative contribution of island of stability (IOS) formulae between the rivers and found that both rivers export similar amounts of these formulae annually, more than several major rivers combined, and that the Congo is more than twice as efficient in exporting these IOS formulae. With changing precipitation and land use, the quantity and composition of exported DOM will likely reflect the mobilization of additional terrestrial and anthropogenic sources that will also be subjected to downstream land-to-ocean cycling.
引用
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页数:19
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