Multi-group measurement invariance analysis of the Task and Ego Orientation In Sport Questionnaire

This study examined the invariance of the Task and Ego Orientations in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ, Duda, 1989; Duda & Nicholls, 1992), assessing measurement properties of the scale for two young adult samples. Data were collected from two survey studies, assessing 229 students from a combined high school and junior college military institute and 243 students from a Northwest college. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) for each sample supported a revised two-factor structure similar to the original proposed by Duda et al. (1992). Multi-group CFA and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) analyses indicated invariance for the revised 11-item scale but not for the original 13-item version. Further research is needed to explore potential modifications to the TEOSQ that will improve the precision of the instrument and reduce measurement error. However, preliminary findings suggest caution should be used when interpreting the results of the instrument, as measurement biases may confound substantive findings.