Food acquisition during the crisis of 2008 and 2016 in rural-urban households in Mexico

Introduction: In 2008 Mexico faced a food crisis that impacted the acquisition of groceries, eight years later the trend of foods, which are more energetic and less nutritious, was accentuated, causing problems in the health of the population. Objective: Identify food acquisition and its calorie equivalent in 2008 and 2016 in rural and urban households in southeastern Mexico. Material and methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective and comparative study of two independent samples was conducted from databases of the National Household Spending and Income Surveys in Mexico in 2008 and 2016. A total of 5,840 households were worked on, of which 3,522 were urban and 2,318 rural. The variables considered were: surveys, types of households and acquisition of calorie-equivalent foods. For statistical analysis, Student's t parametric test was used for independent samples, mean, standard deviation and variance homogeneity, a p < ,05 was taken as significant. Results: The foods with the highest caloric acquisition in both years and households were cereals and products of animal origin and the least vegetables and fruits (p < ,001). Rural households significantly increased cereals for 2016 (p < ,001), as well as in urban households, decreased in oils and processed meats (p< ,001). Conclusion: After the 2008 food crisis, dietary changes were observed in rural households, with more attributed to the food transition than to the crisis, families acquired new eating habits.