TRANSFORMATION OF THE RURAL LANDSCAPE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF AMAZONAS: disagreements between the conservation of water ecosystem services and changes in land use?

Amazonas is the department with the largest number of Private Conservation Areas in the country. It also has several natural conservation areas managed by the State with a recognized biodiversity richness at national and global levels. These achievements are the result of major environmental management efforts based on governance guidelines within the framework of various processes such as Ecological and Economic Zoning (EEZ), Regional Biodiversity Strategy (ERDB), Regional Conservation Areas System (SICRE), among others. The indicated, has been in accordance with the recognized tourist, archaeological and architectural potential presented by the department. These actions have been consistent with the characteristic rural landscape and a vision of conservation and care of the environment. Contrary to these processes, and especially in the Andean zone where water sources of important watersheds such as those of the Utcubamba River, Imaza, among others, changes in land use would be following a contrary course by threatening biodiversity and ecosystem services Mainly associated with paramo or pajonal ecosystems. Is it possible to identify and validate the above? What evidences exist and show that the rural landscape and to preserve in Amazonas would be threatened by endogenous processes? If so: What does it merit to achieve in particular the conservation of water ecosystem services as a fundamental element in the rural landscape? The study uses primary and secondary information related to changes in land use, area of agricultural activities, quantity of chemical inputs to improve water quality in relevant watershed sites with and without conservation areas. Using techniques of Geographic Information Systems and through inter-temporal analysis are the forces related to threats in water sources and propose solutions according to context.