Patterns of Injury and Mortality in Pediatric Patients Attending Emergency Department in a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern Nepal

Introduction: Trauma is a major and increasing global health concern in the recent world. It is now the leading cause of death among people less than 18 years old. The aim of this study is to analyze all injuries from trauma-related causes among children and adolescents under 18 years old of age. Methods: This is a retrospective cross sectional study done in Emergency Department of B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Patients aged less than 16 years were included with history of trauma from January 1st 2013 to 31st December 2013. The details of patient were taken from computerized medical records of the hospital. The demographic data, pattern of injury, mode of injury, diagnosis and outcomes were tabulated in Microsoft Excel. Results: Total 3958 pediatrics patient were enrolled in this study with Male: Female=3.6:1 and Mean age 9.6 +/- 3.2 years. The common modes of injury were fall injury 2596 (65.6%) and RTAs 1176 (29.7%). Whereas the commonest patters were Fractures 1385 (35%) and Soft Tissue Injuries 784 (19.8%). Conclusions: Fall Injury and Road Traffic Accidents are major and serious problem for children in Low Income countries like Nepal.