Monoamine Oxidase-B Activity Is Not Involved in the Neuroinflammatory Response Elicited by a Focal Freeze Brain Injury

Cryolesion of the frontoparietal cortex in mice is a well-described brain injury paradigm that results in increased astrogliosis surrounding the lesion site and is accompanied by a prominent increase in the MAO-B levels in astrocytes. Whether these increased MAO-B levels contribute to cellular damage or modulate reactive astrocytosis remains unclear. MAO-B activity may contribute to cellular damage, since its metabolism products are highly toxic to the cells. Additionally, it has been suggested that MAO-B inhibition may regulate astrocytic reaction. In this study, we have determined the relative contribution of MAO-B activity to the outcome following freeze injury. Freeze injury induced a prominent increase of several inflammatory markers, including ICAM, Mac-1, EB22, and GFAP Inhibition of MAO-B activity using the selective inhibitor PF9601N did not reduce this cryolesion-induced inflammatory response. Additional data revealed that the expression of several cryolesion-induced cell death genes, such as Fas, Rip, p53, and ICE, was not reduced in PF9601N-treated mice, evidencing that MAO-B activity did not contribute to cryolesion-induced cell death. Definitive functional analysis of the mice using the ladder beam task revealed that MAO-B inhibition did not improve the cryolesion-incluced motor impairment. These data strongly suggest that, although MAO-B is highly expressed in the area surrounding the lesion site, its activity does not contribute to the cellular damage or play any role in regulating astrocytic reactivity. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.