Two-Dimensional DOA Estimation Using Parallel Multi-Level Prime Arrays

A multi-level prime array (MLPA) is constructed using several uniform linear subarrays along one axis where the number of antennas within the subarrays are pairwise coprime integers. This paper proposes two-dimensional direction of arrival (2D-DOA) estimation using parallel MLPAs. In this approach, we use two MLPA configurations located on the x-y plane with half-wavelength spacing in between. The array has a closed form expression for antenna positions. The equivalent difference coarray has large number of consecutive lags and few holes. A hole-free difference coarray can be realized if compressed MLPAs (MLPAC) are used. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed array with examples for 2D-DOA estimation.