circadian;
stroke parameters;
motor organization;
swimming;
HEAVY-RESISTANCE EXERCISE;
CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS;
ARM COORDINATION;
SPORTS PERFORMANCE;
LEG EXERCISE;
OBESE WOMEN;
TIME;
VELOCITY;
RESPONSES;
DISTANCE;
D O I:
10.1080/09291016.2015.1060679
中图分类号:
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号:
07 ;
0710 ;
09 ;
摘要:
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of time of day on stroke parameters and motor organization in front-crawl swimmers. In a randomized order, fourteen regional swimmers (age: 18.7 +/- 1.6years) performed maximal front crawls over 12.5m during two experimental sessions; the morning sessions were conducted between 07:00 and 09:00h and the evening experiments were conducted between 17:00 and 19:00h. Stroke parameters (swim velocity, stroke rate [SR], and stroke length), motor organization (arm stroke phases and arm coordination) were calculated from aerial and underwater side-view cameras. Arm coordination was quantified in terms of an index of coordination (Idc). Results showed that oral temperature was significantly higher in the evening 36.8 +/- 0.2 degrees C than in the morning 36.1 +/- 0.2 degrees C (p<0.001), with a morning-evening difference of -0.7 +/- 0.1 degrees C. Performance was also higher in the evening (7.4 +/- 0.6s) than in the morning (8.0 +/- 0.8s) (p<0.001), with a morning-evening difference of 0.55 +/- 0.30s. Likewise, values of swim velocity and SR were higher in the evening than in the morning (p<0.001) with morning-evening differences of -0.10 +/- 0.04ms(-1) and -3.99 +/- 2.91 cyclesmin(-1), respectively. Percentage Idc increased significantly (p<0.01) between the morning (-5.1 +/- 6.5%) and evening (-1.6 +/- 7.0%). It is concluded that maximal swimming trials are performed better in the evening than the morning, and that this might be explained by better stroke parameters and motor organization at this time.
机构:
Univ Phys Educ, Fac Phys Educ & Sport, Dept Water Sports, Krakow, PolandUniv Phys Educ, Fac Phys Educ & Sport, Dept Water Sports, Krakow, Poland
Sokolowski, Kamil
Bartolomeu, Raul Filipe
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Inst Politecn Braganca, Dept Sport Sci & Phys Educ, Braganca, Portugal
Polytech Guarda, Dept Sports Sci, Guarda, Portugal
Hlth & Human Dev CIDESD, Res Ctr Sports Sci, Vila Real, PortugalUniv Phys Educ, Fac Phys Educ & Sport, Dept Water Sports, Krakow, Poland
Bartolomeu, Raul Filipe
Barbosa, Tiago Manuel
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Inst Politecn Braganca, Dept Sport Sci & Phys Educ, Braganca, Portugal
Polytech Guarda, Dept Sports Sci, Guarda, PortugalUniv Phys Educ, Fac Phys Educ & Sport, Dept Water Sports, Krakow, Poland
Barbosa, Tiago Manuel
Strzala, Marek
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Phys Educ, Fac Phys Educ & Sport, Dept Water Sports, Krakow, PolandUniv Phys Educ, Fac Phys Educ & Sport, Dept Water Sports, Krakow, Poland