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Geographical variation in the progression of type 2 diabetes in Peru: The CRONICAS Cohort Study
被引:26
|作者:
Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio
[1
,2
]
Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.
[1
]
Gilman, Robert H.
[1
,3
,4
]
Miele, Catherine H.
[5
]
Checkley, William
[1
,3
,5
]
Wells, Jonathan C.
[6
]
Smeeth, Liam
[2
]
Jaime Miranda, J.
[1
,7
]
机构:
[1] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, CRONICAS Ctr Excellence Chron Dis, Av Armendariz 497, Lima 18, Peru
[2] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London, England
[3] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Program Global Dis Epidemiol & Control, Baltimore, MD USA
[4] Asociac Benef PRISMA, Biomed Res Unit, Lima, Peru
[5] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Baltimore, MD USA
[6] UCL, UCL Inst Child Hlth, Childhood Nutr Res Ctr, London, England
[7] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Lima, Peru
基金:
英国惠康基金;
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词:
Type;
2;
diabetes;
Incidence;
Altitude;
Risk factors;
Obesity;
BODY-MASS INDEX;
RISK-FACTORS;
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS;
CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK;
INSULIN-RESISTANCE;
GLOBAL BURDEN;
21;
REGIONS;
PREVALENCE;
DISEASE;
OBESITY;
D O I:
10.1016/j.diabres.2016.09.007
中图分类号:
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号:
1002 ;
100201 ;
摘要:
Background: The study aims were to estimate the incidence and risk factors for T2D in four settings with different degree of urbanization and altitude in Peru. Methods: Prospective cohort study conducted in urban, semi-urban, and rural areas in Peru. An age-and sex-stratified random sample of participants was taken from the most updated census. T2D was defined as fasting blood glucose >= 7.0 mmol/L or taking anti-diabetes medication. Exposures were divided into two groups: geographical variables (urbanization and altitude), and modifiable risk factors. Incidence, relative risks (RR), 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), and population attributable fractions (PAF) were estimated. Results: Data from 3135 participants, 48.8% males, mean age 55.6 years, was analyzed. Overall baseline prevalence of T2D was 7.1% (95% CI 6.2-8.0%). At follow-up, including 6207 person-years of follow-up, a total of 121 new T2D cases were accrued, equating to an incidence of 1.95 (95% CI 1.63-2.33) per 100 person-years. There was no urban to rural gradient in the T2D incidence; however, compared to sea level sites, participants living in high altitude had a higher incidence of diabetes (RR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.01-2.48). Obesity had the highest attributable risk for developing T2D, although results varied by setting, ranging from 14% to 80% depending on urbanization and altitude. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the incidence of T2D was greater in high altitude sites. New cases of diabetes were largely attributed to obesity, but with substantial variation in the contribution of obesity depending on the environment. These findings can inform appropriate context-specific strategies to reduce the incidence of diabetes. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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页码:135 / 145
页数:11
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