Improving the Economic Management of the Bristol Bay (Alaska) Sockeye Salmon Fishery in the Age of Aquaculture

被引:6
|
作者
Valderrama, Diego [1 ]
Anderson, James L. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Florida, Food & Resource Econ Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
[2] World Bank, Agr & Rural Dev, Washington, DC 20433 USA
关键词
RESOURCE;
D O I
10.1111/cjag.12007
中图分类号
F3 [农业经济];
学科分类号
0202 ; 020205 ; 1203 ;
摘要
When evaluated using biological criteria, Alaskan salmon fisheries are considered to be among the best managed commercial fisheries in the world. Nevertheless, the economic performance of these fisheries has deteriorated in recent years as a result of a long-term decline in ex-vessel prices triggered by exponential growth in the world salmon farming sector, with prices reaching historic lows during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Building on the regulated open-access model for renewable resources developed by Homans and Wilen (1997), Valderrama and Anderson (2010) conducted a formal examination of market interactions between the Bristol Bay sockeye salmon fishery and the world aquaculture sector. Their study demonstrated that the rents extracted during the initial years of the limited-entry program were gradually dissipated as a result of overcapacity and price declines caused by aquaculture. In this study, the Valderrama and Anderson (2010) econometric model is used as a framework to evaluate the economic benefits of rights-based management in the Bristol Bay fishery. The analysis illustrates the efficiency gains that management schemes such as harvesting cooperatives could generate by lowering the level of effort in the fishery. Given that growth in world aquaculture is expected to continue in the foreseeable future, improving efficiency in the fisheries sector is an essential step to restore some of the rents lost to competition with the aquaculture sector. Lorsque la peche au saumon rouge est evaluee selon des criteres d'ordre biologique, elle figure parmi les peches commerciales les mieux gerees de la planete. Et pourtant, la performance economique de cette peche s'est deterioree au cours des dernieres annees en raison de la baisse prolongee des prix au bateau attribuable a la croissance exponentielle de la salmoniculture dans le monde. Ces prix ont atteint des creux historiques vers la fin des annees 1990 et le debut des annees 2000. En s'appuyant sur le modele de libre acces reglemente aux ressources renouvelables elabore par Homans et Wilen (1997), Valderrama et Anderson (2010) ont effectue un examen approfondi du jeu des forces du marche dans le cas de la peche au saumon rouge dans la baie de Bristol et du secteur mondial de l'aquaculture. Leur etude a demontre que les revenus realises au cours des premieres annees du programme a acces limite se dissipaient progressivement en raison de la surcapacite et de la baisse des prix attribuables a l'aquaculture. Dans la presente etude, nous avons utilise le modele econometrique de Valderrama et Anderson (2010) pour evaluer les avantages economiques de la gestion fondee sur des droits dans le cas de la peche dans la baie de Bristol. Les resultats de notre etude montrent les gains d'efficience que des modeles de gestion, comme celui des cooperatives de pecheurs, pourraient generer en diminuant les efforts de peche. Compte tenu du fait que l'aquaculture mondiale est appelee a progresser dans un avenir previsible, ameliorer l'efficacite du secteur des peches demeure une etape fondamentale pour recuperer une partie des revenus perdus au profit des concurrents du secteur de l'aquaculture.
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页码:145 / 170
页数:26
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