Checking Models, Proving Programs, and Testing Systems

We are all faced up to a flowering of concepts and methods in the area of software verification and validation, due to significant advances in the domain. This paper considers the main terms and expressions currently in use on the subjects of model, specification, program, system, proof, checking, testing. Some analysis of the use and combination of these terms is sketched, pointing out some confusions and discrepancies. This leads to a plea for clarification of the taxonomy and terminology. The aim is a better identification of the general concepts and activities in the area, and the development of some uniform basic terminology helping communication and cooperation among the scientific and industrial actors.