Lipid-Core Nanocapsules Improve the Effects of Resveratrol Against Aβ-Induced Neuroinflammation

Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, has attracted considerable interest for its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. However, the biological effects of resveratrol appear strongly limited because it is photosensitive, easily oxidized, and has unfavorable pharmacokinetics. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of resveratrol on A beta-triggered neuroinflammation by comparing the effects of free resveratrol (RSV) treatment with those of treatment with resveratrol-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (RSV-LNC). Organotypic hippocampal cultures were stimulated by A beta 1-42 with or without different concentrations of RSV or RSV-LNC. We found that A beta triggered a harmful neuroinflammation process in organotypic hippocampal cultures. Pre- and co-treatments with RSV-LNC were able to protect cultures against ROS formation and cell death induced by A beta, possibly through sustained blocking of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 release. Furthermore, RSV-LNC was able to increase IL-10 release even in the presence of A beta and prevent or decrease both glial and JNK activation. On the other hand, both pre- and co-treatment with RSV exhibited a lower ability to prevent or decrease neuroinflammation, ROS formation, and cell death, and failed to increase IL-10 release. Our findings suggest that modulation of neuroinflammation through a combination of resveratrol and a lipid-core nanocapsule-based delivery system might represent a promising approach for preventing or delaying the neurodegenerative process triggered by A beta. The results open new vistas to the interplay between inflammation and amyloid pathology.