Plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-37 in patients with severe haemophilia

Objective: Haemophilia A and B are disorders caused by the lack of clotting factors VIII and IX, respectively. Repeated bleeding into the same joint leads to haemophilic arthropathy (HA). Interleukin (IL)-1 beta is responsible for the pro-inflammatory response and IL-37 is induced by IL-1 beta stimuli to have an anti-inflammatory response and prevent uncontrolled inflammation and tissue damage. Our objective was to investigate plasma levels of IL-1 beta and IL-37 in patients with severe haemophilia with different severities of HA. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 14 patients with severe haemophilia A and 6 with severe haemophilia B, and 18 healthy individuals. Plasma levels of IL-1 beta and IL-37 were detected by immunoassay, and severity of HA was evaluated using the Pettersson scoring system. Plasma levels of IL-1 beta and IL-37 were analysed in patients with severe haemophilia grouped by Pettersson score and in healthy individuals. Results: Plasma levels of IL-1 beta and IL-37 were significantly higher in patients with severe haemophilia compared with healthy individuals and significantly lower in those with moderate to severe HA than in those with no or mild HA. Conclusions: Plasma levels of IL-1 beta and IL-37 may be useful to track HA progression in patients with severe haemophilia.