Monitoring and forecasting for disease and pest in crop based on WebGIS system

Infected areas and damage levels due to pest and disease have been growing seriously according to the global climate changes. The government department of plant protection normally collects the crop pest and disease information by manual inspection, which is unable to provide timely and spatially continuous crop growth status and pest / disease development over large areas. The manuscript aims to bring together and produce cutting edge research to provide crop pest and disease monitoring and forecasting information, integrating multi-source (Earth Observation-EO, meteorological, entomological and plant pathological, etc.) to support decision making in sustainable management of pest and disease. Taking national disease - a fungal disease of wheat rust and national pest - a serious insect pest locust as the experimental object, we conducted the following research: 1) the sensitive spectral features of rust and locust with capability of stresses differentiation would be identified or formed based on field hyperspectral data and UAV hyperspectral images for detection, 2) multi-sources of data that are composed by remote sensing images (eg. GF, Landsat and Sentinel) and meteorological observations would he integrated to evaluating habitat of rust and locust in farmland level, 3) multi-temporal remote sensing images and vegetation ecological dataset are combined to provide environmental information of rust and locust dispersion, and forecast the damaged areas and levels in regional scales. Moreover, an automatic system is developed to do the disease and pest timeseries monitoring and forecasting, also the visual display of the thematic maps and analysis reports. The system is constructed based on WebGIS platform. It selected Browser/Server (B/S) architecture, access the system interface through a web browser, simple, quick and easy to operate. And, it could timely, efficiently, quantitatively do the extraction and analysis of crop pest and disease occurrence and developing information, also produce pest and disease thematic maps and scientific report. The crop pest and disease monitoring and forecasting system, can provide effective information of pest and disease developing for our agricultural sector, provide a scientific basis to formulate pest and disease prevention and control measures, and also provide data basis and technical support for the crop network management. Based on the system, we analysed the damaged situation and changes of national wheat rust in 2019, and locust in Tianjing 2019. The results would not only promote efficacy of pest and disease management and prevention by improving the accuracy of monitoring and forecasting, but also help to reduce the amount of chemical pesticides, which could thus guarantee the food security and sustainable development of agriculture in China.