Effect of Welding Sequence in Angular Distortion on Butt Joint GMAW Process

Over time, the industrial use of the welding process has grown in significance and is now one of the primary methods for joining metallic parts. During the welding process, metallurgical and structural modifications occur close to the welded joint. The thermal stresses and geometric distortions are undesirable, and they are a challenge to accurately forecast. Laboratory tests were conducted utilizing the GMAW method on S235JR steel as the base material with the goal of examining the impact of the welding sequence on angular distortion in butt joints when comparing three different welding sequences. Equipment that can determine coordinates in the operational space with metrological accuracy was used to measure distortions. As a result of metrological and statistical analyses, it was found that the sequence factor is shown to substantially influence the final distortions and that the symmetrical method results in less distortions followed by a one-step method.