Training for vigilance: The effect of knowledge of results format and dispositional optimism and pessimism on performance and stress

被引：46
|
作者：
Szalma, JL
Hancock, PA
Dember, WN
Warm, JS
机构：
[1] Univ Cent Florida, MIT Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA
[2] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Psychol, Orlando, FL 32826 USA
[3] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32826 USA
[4] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Psychol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
来源：
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY | 2006年 / 97卷
关键词：
D O I：
10.1348/000712605X62768
中图分类号：
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号：
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要：
This study investigated the impact of knowledge of results (KR) format on the performance and stress associated with a vigilance task. Also examined was the effect of the interaction of KR-format (Hit-KR, False Alarm-KR, Miss-KR, and a composite of all three formats) with dispositional optimism and pessimism on performance outcome and reported stress state. Hypotheses based upon a theory of feedback intervention were tested. KR regarding correct detections and the composite-KR (KR regarding correct detections, false alarms, and missed signals) enhanced perceptual sensitivity. However, False Alarm-KR and Miss-KR did not Contrary to expectations based on the theory, performance was unrelated to the traits across all KR conditions. However, the effects of KR-format on self-reports of stress depended on the individual's level of pessimism and optimism. In addition, KR format and personality affected the multiple dimensions of stress state in different ways.
引用
收藏
页码：115 / 135
页数：21
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