Effects of Extraction Variables on Pharmacological Activities of Vine Tea Extract (Ampelopsis grossedentata)

Background and Objective: Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) may potentially perform multiple pharmacological roles, including antibacterial, anti-cancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and anti-hypertension functions. But effects of extraction polarity, time and temperature on the recovery of bioactive compounds along their pharmacological activity of vine tea extract have not been reported yet. The present study reports on the importance of extraction variables for obtaining vine tea extract aiding in purification and isolation of functional and polyphenolic compound and their pharmacological activity (polyphenols) from vine tea. Materials and Methods: The effects of extraction variables (time, temperature and polarity) on Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and Condensed Tannin Content (CTC) were evaluated using single factor experiment. Antiradical capacity assay and radical-scavenging capacity 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were tested for evaluating the antioxidant activities of vine tea crude extract. To analyze data, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was established followed by the Tukey's test and to test the correlation, Pearson correlation coefficient was tested. Results: Data explained that extraction polarity, extraction time and the temperature had a significant effect (p<0.05) on yield and their anti-radical activities. The optimized extraction parameters for TFA and CTC were 40% aqueous ethanol at 45 while 50 for TPC for 180 min. Whereas, maximum yield were 40.01 mu g Catechin Equivalent per gram (CE g(-1)) of Dry Weight (DW) for TFA, 15.12 mu g, Gallic Acid Equivalent per gram of DW (GAE g(-1)) for TPC and 12.70 mu g CE g(-1) DW for CTC. Ethanol concentration showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on extraction of phenolic compounds and their pharmacological activity especially antioxidant capacity and DPPH assay. Conclusion: This study showed that extraction variables were greatly influence on the pharmacological activities of vine tea crude extract and this study can be used as preliminary and key information to design central composite rotatable design for Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Moreover, this approach can be used to determine significant factors that influence functional compounds and their other pharmacological activities.