Identification and genetic variation among eight varieties of ginger by using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers

Identification and characterization of germplasm is an important link between the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. The present investigation was undertaken for identification and genetic variation within eight high yielding varieties of ginger through RAPD markers. A total of 55 distinct DNA fragments ranging from 0.5-2.4 Kb were amplified by using twelve selected primers. The cluster analysis indicated that the eight varieties formed two major clusters. The first major cluster had only one variety 'S-558' with 43% similarity with other seven varieties. Second major cluster having seven varieties and divided into two minor clusters. One minor cluster had six varieties ('Jugijan', 'Turia local', 'Nadia', 'Zo-17', 'Nahfrey' and 'Gurubathan) and other having only one variety 'Surabhi'. The second minor cluster further divided into two sub-minor clusters. 'Nadia' and 'ZO-17' had 78% similarity among themselves and 70% similarity with 'Jugijan' and 'Turia local'. 'Jugijan' and 'Turia local' were having 81% similarity among themselves. However, 'Nahfrey' had 64% similarity with 'Jugijan', 'Turia local', 'Nadia' and 'ZO-17'. The present study showed the distant variation within the varieties. This investigation will help to breeders for ginger improvement program.