Anesthesia type does not influence early graft patency or limb salvage rates of lower extremity arterial bypass

Purpose: The effect of anesthesia type on 30-day graft patency and limb salvage rates was evaluated in patients who underwent femoral to distal artery bypass. Methods: Of 423 patients randomly assigned to receive general, spinal, or epidural anesthetic, 76 did not meet protocol standards and 32 had inadequate anesthesia. A chart review of the remaining 315 patients was undertaken to obtain surgical information not recorded in the original study. All patients were monitored with radial and pulmonary artery catheters. After surgery, patients were in a monitored setting for 48 to 72 hours and had graft function assessments hourly during the first 24 hours and then every 8 hours until discharge. Results: Fifty-one patients were lost to follow-up (15 general, 22 spinal, 14 epidural). Baseline clinical characteristics were similar for the three groups except prior carotid artery surgery, which was more common in the spinal group. Indications for surgery were also similar except for a higher incidence of nonhealing ulcer in the epidural group. There were no differences among groups for 30-day graft patency with or without reoperation, 30-day graft occlusion, death, amputation, or length of hospital stay. Conclusion: These results suggest that the type of anesthetic given for femoral to distal artery bypass does not significantly affect 30-day occlusion rate, limb salvage rate, or hospital length of stay.