Diagnostic advances in visceral leishmaniasis include the development of the rK39 and rK28 rapid diagnostic test. The direct agglutination test is also increasingly used, as well as conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction, which also performs well on peripheral blood. The choice of treatment for visceral leishmaniasis depends on the geographic region where the infection is acquired. Liposomal amphotericin B is generally found to be safe and effective in most endemic regions of the world; antimonials still remain to be the most effective in eastern Africa despite its high toxicity. Combination therapy is increasingly explored. Immunosuppressed patients require adapted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
机构:
WHO, Special Programme Res Dev & Res Training Huma, CH-1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandWHO, Special Programme Res Dev & Res Training Huma, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
机构:
Banaras Hindu Univ, Inst Med Sci, Dept Med, Kalaazar Med Res Ctr, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaBanaras Hindu Univ, Inst Med Sci, Dept Med, Kalaazar Med Res Ctr, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India