Objectives: To evaluate the validity and reliability of the autogenous transplantation of maxillary or mandibular molars. Methods: Ten patients received either a mandibular or maxillary third molar to replace a non restorable mandibular first or second molar. The clinical parameters were mobility and probing pocket depth. Radiographic assessment of progress of root development, periapical or periodontal radiolucencies, root resorption and ankylosis, was done by using digital panoramic radiographs with1:1 magnification correction. All clinical parameters and panoramic radiographs were taken at 2, 4, 6 and 9 months postoperatively. Results: The pocket depth readings and teeth mobility showed statistical significant decrease throughout the study. Regarding the radiographic results, no root resorption or ankylosis and 80% of patients had root development with no observed radiolucencies. Conclusion: The transplantation of developing molars in growing adults is a viable and reliable treatment option. [Maha Negm, Sameh Seif, Khaled El Hayes, Galal Beheiri. Autogenous Transplantation of Maxillary And Mandibular Molars. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):2804-2812] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 412