Development of a high temperature diamond anvil cell for x ray absorption experiments under extreme conditions

X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is presently a powerful and established tool to investigate solid and liquid matter at high pressure and high temperature (HP-HT). HP-HT XAS experiments rely on high pressure technology whose continuous development has extended the achievable range up to 100 GPa and more. In high pressure devices, high temperature conditions are typically obtained by using internal and external resistive heaters or by laser heating. We have recently developed a novel design for an internally heated diamond anvil cell (DAC) allowing XAS measurements under controlled high temperature conditions (tested up to about 1300 K). The sample in the new device can be rapidly heated or cooled (seconds or less) so the cell is suitable for studying melting/crystallization dynamics when coupled with a time-resolved XAS setup (second and sub-second ranges). Here we describe the internally heated DAC device which has been realized and tested in experiments on pure selenium at the energy dispersive ODE beamline of Synchrotron SOLEIL. We also present results obtained in XAS experiments of elemental Se using a large volume Paris-Edinburgh press, as an example of the relevance of structural studies of matter under extreme conditions.