Flatness Is a Criterion for Selection of Maximizing Measures

For the one-dimensional classical spin system, each spin being able to get Np+1 values, and for a non-positive potential, locally proportional to the distance to one of N disjoint configurations set {(j-1)p+1,aEuro broken vertical bar,jp}(a"currency sign), we prove that the equilibrium state converges as the temperature goes to 0. The main result is that the limit is a convex combination of the two ergodic measures with maximal entropy among maximizing measures and whose supports are the two shifts where the potential is the flattest. In particular, this is a hint to solve the open problem of selection, and this indicates that flatness is probably a/the criterion for selection as it was conjectured by A.O. Lopes. As a by product we get convergence of the eigenfunction at the log-scale to a unique calibrated subaction.