Effects of glucose and disorders in lipid metabolism on cytokine levels and cognitive impairment in the olanzapine-induced obesity rat model

The aim of the study was to explore the effects of increased levels of blood sugar and cytokines on impaired cognitive function in the olanzapine-induced obesity rat model. A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into 2 groups; the control and olanzapine groups (N = 20 per group). The control rats were fed regular food, while the olanzapine rats received olanzapine-enriched (1.2 mg/kg) food by gavage for 4 weeks to establish the olanzapine-induced obese rat model. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Serum glucose content was measured by biochemical colorimetry. Learning and memory capacity was measured using a Y-maze, and the time before escape from a Morris water maze was recorded. Body weight and levels of blood glucose, lipids, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CRP increased in the olanzapine group. In addition, the number of shocks received before reaching the learning and memory standard and the time before escape from the Morris water maze were higher in the olanzapine group than in the control group. Olanzapine causes disorders in glucose and lipid metabolism. Increase in blood glucose promotes the toxicity of cytokines and leads to cognitive dysfunction in rats.