Analysis of the Situation and Countermeasures of the Water Environment in the Yellow River Basin

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, and an important water source in the area of Northwest and North China. It has its headwater in the Yaogu Zongle basin at the north foot of Bayankara Mountain in Qinghai Province. It passes through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shangdong provinces and autonomous regions. The river empties into the Bohai Sea in Kenli County, Shangdong Province. Its length is 5,464 km with the basin area of 795 thousand square km. The average annual precipitation is 476 mm and the natural runoff of the river is 58 billion cubic meters. The average annual sediment load caliber is 1.6 billion tons. With the implementation of the State strategy to greatly develop the West Part of China, and the rapid economical development in the basin, the greatly increase of population of towns and cities, the rapid development of township enterprises and the less precipitation in the basin for years, the water consumption and the waste water in the basin are synchronously increased. Now the wastewater drainage in the basin is more than 4 billion tons. The ability of river dilution and self-purification is rapidly decreased. The water pollution in the river is becoming more serious with each passing day.