Evolution of elastic moduli through a two-dimensional structural transformation

We use a classical analytical and separable elastic energy landscape describing SnO monolayers to estimate the softening of elastic moduli through a mechanical instability occurring at finite temperature in this material. Although not strictly applicable to this material due to its low-energy barrier J that leads to a quantum paraelastic phase, the present exercise is relevant as it establishes a conceptual procedure to estimate such moduli straight from a two-dimensional elastic energy landscape. As additional support for the existence of a quantum paraelastic phase, we carry a qualitative WKB analysis to estimate escape times from an individual well on the landscape; escape times increase exponentially with the height of the barrier J. We also provide arguments against an additional transformation onto a planar lattice due to its high-energy cost. These results continue to establish a case for the usefulness of soft matter concepts in two-dimensional materials, and of the potential lurking of quantum effects into soft matter.