Gravitational waves from binary supermassive black holes missing in pulsar observations

被引：384

作者：

Shannon, R. M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Ravi, V. ^{[3
]}

Lentati, L. T. ^{[4
]}

Lasky, P. D. ^{[5
]}

Hobbs, G. ^{[1
]}

Kerr, M. ^{[1
]}

Manchester, R. N. ^{[1
]}

Coles, W. A. ^{[6
]}

Levin, Y. ^{[5
]}

Bailes, M. ^{[3
]}

Bhat, N. D. R. ^{[2
]}

Burke-Spolaor, S. ^{[7
]}

Dai, S. ^{[1
,8
]}

Keith, M. J. ^{[9
]}

Oslowski, S. ^{[10
,11
]}

Reardon, D. J. ^{[5
]}

van Straten, W. ^{[3
]}

Toomey, L. ^{[1
]}

Wang, J. -B. ^{[12
]}

Wen, L. ^{[13
]}

Wyithe, J. S. B. ^{[14
]}

Zhu, X. -J. ^{[13
]}

机构：

[1] Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org CSIRO Astron & Spa, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia

[2] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia

[3] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia

[4] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England

[5] Monash Univ, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia

[6] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[7] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Array Operat Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA

[8] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China

[9] Univ Manchester, Ctr Astrophys, Jodrell Bank, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England

[10] Univ Bielefeld, Dept Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany

[11] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

[12] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Astron Observ, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, Peoples R China

[13] Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia

[14] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia

来源：

SCIENCE | 2015年 / 349卷 / 6255期

基金：

澳大利亚研究理事会;

关键词：

ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; TIMING ARRAYS; LIMITS; EVOLUTION; ACCRETION; GALAXIES; MERGERS;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aab1910

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Gravitational waves are expected to be radiated by supermassive black hole binaries formed during galaxy mergers. A stochastic superposition of gravitational waves from all such binary systems would modulate the arrival times of pulses from radio pulsars. Using observations of millisecond pulsars obtained with the Parkes radio telescope, we constrained the characteristic amplitude of this background, A(c,yr), to be <1.0 x 10(-15) with 95% confidence. This limit excludes predicted ranges for A(c,yr) from current models with 91 to 99.7% probability. We conclude that binary evolution is either stalled or dramatically accelerated by galactic-center environments and that higher-cadence and shorter-wavelength observations would be more sensitive to gravitational waves.

引用

页码：1522 / 1525

页数：4

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