Lactic acid bacteria strains for enhancing the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of Leymus chinensis silage

Leymus chinensis is an important grass in China and Russia. Six lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains (LB, LPL1, LPL2, LPL3, LCL and WH) from L. chinensis silage were screened and identified and their effects on fermentation quality were investigated. All six strains were grown at 6.5% NaCl and pH 4.00. Strains LPL1, LPL2 and LPL3 were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, and LB, WH and LCL were classified as Lactobacillus brevis, Weissella hellenica and Lactobacillus casei respectively. The six isolated strains and a commercial inoculant (Lactobacillus buchneri) were added to L. chinensis for ensiling at densities of 500 and 600 kg m(-3). The control was sprayed with the same volume of distilled water. The effects of the strains on fermentation quality after 45 d ensiling and aerobic stability during 8 d of exposure to air were evaluated. The 600 kg m(-3) silage had lower pH, butyric acid, ammonia nitrogen content and coliform bacteria counts than the 500 kg m(-3) density silage (P < 0.05). The six isolated strains decreased pH, butyric acid content and increased lactic acid content, and all inoculants increased L. chinensis silage aerobic stability except LCL (P < 0.05). The fermentation quality of L. chinensis silage increased with higher ensiling density. The LAB strains improved the fermentation quality, and high-quality silage could be obtained at low ensiling density with the addition of the LAB strains. The strains improved the aerobic stability; Lb. buchneri and Lb. brevis showed the best performance.