Optimal PID Controller Design by Enhanced Class Topper Optimization Algorithm for Load Frequency Control of Interconnected Power Systems

In this paper, a new ranking-based enhanced Class Topper Optimization (e-CTO) algorithm is proposed. It is an advanced version of Class Topper Optimization (CTO) algorithm. The CTO algorithm is based upon the learning behavior of students in a class. The learning behavior of the students from the topper of a class is a source of motivation for both the existing CTO and the proposed e-CTO. The exploration, exploitation, and global convergence ability of the proposed algorithm are validated using benchmark functions. Next, the learning ability of students is upgraded to provide a better solution. The proposed algorithm is verified by implementing a Load Frequency Control (LFC) problem for an interconnected power system with a parallel alternating current-high voltage direct current (AC-HVDC) tie-line. A PID controller with filter frequency component structure and PI controller is designed using the proposed algorithm. To check the performance of the e-CTO-based PID controllers, transient analysis of the power system with a fixed load perturbation is carried out. A comparative analysis with some existing results is done to prove the superiority of the proposed method. After this, the sensitivity of the proposed PID control design is tested by analyzing the controller performance during different system parameter variations. [GRAPHICS] .