Colorectal cancer (CRC) and intestinal microbiota

The gut microbiota contributes to the maturation of the colonic mucosa. It has been shown a significant decrease of biodiversity in the composition of the gut microbiota in various diseases (so called dysbiosis) including CRC. By now, based on the metagenomic investigation, we have characterized a bacteria signature for estimating risk of CRC in the general population. The dysbiosis identified may favor promotion of tumours or/and influence the response to the antitumoral therapies. Given the high incidence of CRC (3rd rank of all cancers) as well as the high cost this cancers raised (2nd cause of death by cancer), numerous research teams look forward for identifying main environmental factors through microbiota analysis and for better understanding the genesis of the CRC, and improving the programs for screening. The microbiota should be considered as the link between disease and environment. Nutrients and metabolism are two main ways of interest for identifying indicators for prevention, diagnosis and therapy of some diseases.