Stressful life events and difficulties and onset of breast cancer: case-control study

Objective To determine the relation between stressful life events and difficulties and the onset of breast cancer. Design Case-control study. Setting 3 NHS breast clinics serving west Leeds. Participants 399 consecutive women, aged 40-79, attending the breast clinics who were Leeds residents. Main outcome measures Odds ratios of the risk of developing breast cancer after experiencing one or more severe life events, severe difficulties, severe 2 year non-personal health difficulties, or severe 2 year personal health difficulties in the 5 years before clinical presentation. Results 332 (83%) women participated. Women diagnosed with breast cancer were no more likely to have experienced one or more severe life events (adjusted odds ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.47 to 1.81; P = 0.79); one or more severe difficulties (0.86, 0.41 to 1.81; P = 0.69); a 2 year severe non-personal health difficulty (0.53, 0.12 to 2.31; P = 0.4); or a 2 year severe personal health difficulty (2.73, 0.68 to 10.93; P = 0.16) than women diagnosed with a benign breast lump. Conclusion These findings do not support the hypothesis that severe life events or difficulties are associated with onset of breast cancer.