Design and analysis of fault-tolerant star networks

The star graph has been proposed as an attractive alternative to the hypercube offering a lower degree, a smaller diameter, and a smaller distance for a similar number of nodes. In this paper, we investigate the fault-tolerant design for the Star interconnection networks using modules called fault tolerant building blocks (FTBBs). Each FTBB module contains several primary and few spare nodes. The spare nodes within each FTBB can replace the primary nodes when a failure occurs. If each spare node within an FTBB can replace any primary node we ascribe the situation to full spare utilization, We propose fault tolerant Star networks constructed from smaller FTBBs with full spare utilization and a fault-tolerant routing scheme to reconfigure the system when a failure occurs.