Hazard assessment and localization of oil spill fires at water bodies

The article discusses the issues of hazard assessment and the choice of technology for localizing fires of oil and oil products spills on water bodies based on forecasting the movement of oil pollution through the joint application of oil spill simulation methods and mathematical statistics. Spill fires are accompanied by a significant thermal impact on the environment and require the development of protective measures aimed primarily at localizing the spread of dangerous factors. The aim of the work is the scientific substantiation and development of a methodology for assessing the risk of fires and oil spills on water bodies within the boundaries of individual Administrations of inland waterway basins. The main stages of the proposed methodology are: formation of a database on the sources of oil spills for the considered basin of inland waterways; assessment of the influence of various factors on the area of oil pollution; mathematical forecasting of oil spills taking into account all significant factors; determination of the maximum possible area of oil pollution; calculation of a safe distance from the center of the spot in the event of a spill fire; choice of localization method, calculation of the length of non-combustible booms. The authors created a classification of oil spill sources within the boundaries of the inland waterways basin according to the level of danger in the event of a spill fire (using the example of the Volga basin), which provides an assessment of the safe distance and length of noncombustible booms. In order to quickly determine the safe distance when installing booms, an equation was constructed between the safe distance in case of an oil spill fire and the slick area. The results obtained were used to develop a regional (basin) plan for the prevention and elimination of oil and oil products spills within the boundaries of the Administration of the Volga Inland Waterways Basin and simulator training of personnel.