Epidemiology of Injuries among Trauma Patients Admitted to Jahrom Trauma Hospital in 2021: Result from a Trauma Registry

Background: This study aimed to determine the type and severity of injuries in trauma patients admitted to Peymaniyeh Jahrom Trauma Hospital in 2021.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 622 trauma patients based on the census method registered in National Trauma Registry System for 12 months from March 2021 to March 2022. Age, gender, marital status, level of education, mechanism of injury, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale), as well as the Abbreviated Injury Scale, were included in a checklist developed following the aims of the research (AIS). The data were examined using the SPSS software (version 23).Results: The most common types of trauma were road accidents 283(45.5%), falls191(30.7%), stabbings or cuts 89(14.3%), and blunt injuries 4(6.6%), respectively. The mean age of those who had fallen (53.69 +/- 24.95) was significantly higher than in road accident patients (32.47 +/- 18.94) and other injuries(p<0.0001). The mean ISS in patients with road accident trauma (6.24 +/- 8.44) and falls (5.48 +/- 3. 07) was significantly higher compared to other mechanisms of trauma (p < 0.0001). The mean AIS in upper and lower extremity trauma in the patients who had fallen (2.00 +/- 0.35 vs. 2.41 +/- 0.70) and in road accidents (1.91 +/- 0.48 vs. 2.20 +/- 0.64) was higher compared to other mechanisms of trauma (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the frequency of severe multiple trauma (AIS >= 3) was higher in the patients with road accidents(p=0.021).Conclusion: The patients with falls were older than other trauma patients with more severe lower extremity injuries. On the other hand, road accident patients had more multiple trauma than patients with falls and other mechanisms of injury.