ON THE FORMATION TIMESCALE OF MASSIVE CLUSTER ELLIPTICALS BASED ON DEEP NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY AT z ∼ 2

被引:43
|
作者
Tanaka, Masayuki [1 ,2 ]
Toft, Sune [3 ]
Marchesini, Danilo [4 ]
Zirm, Andrew [3 ]
De Breuck, Carlos [5 ]
Kodama, Tadayuki [1 ]
Koyama, Yusei [1 ]
Kurk, Jaron [6 ]
Tanaka, Ichi [7 ]
机构
[1] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan
[2] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan
[3] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
[4] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Medford, MA 02155 USA
[5] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany
[6] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany
[7] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA
来源
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2013年 / 772卷 / 02期
基金
新加坡国家研究基金会; 日本学术振兴会;
关键词
galaxies: clusters: individual (PKS1138-262); galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: general; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; COLOR-MAGNITUDE RELATION; POST-STARBURST GALAXIES; MEDIUM-BAND SURVEY; H-ALPHA EMITTERS; STAR-FORMATION; QUIESCENT GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT; RADIO GALAXY;
D O I
10.1088/0004-637X/772/2/113
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We present improved constraints on the formation timescale of massive cluster galaxies based on rest-frame optical spectra of galaxies in a forming cluster located at z = 2.16. The spectra are obtained with MOIRCS on the Subaru Telescope with an integration time of similar to 7 hr. We achieve accurate redshift measurements by fitting spectral energy distributions using the spectra and broadband photometry simultaneously, allowing us to identify probable cluster members. Clusters at low redshifts are dominated by quiescent galaxies, but we find that quiescent galaxies and star-forming galaxies coexist in this z = 2 system. Interestingly, the quiescent galaxies form a weak red sequence in the process of forming. By stacking the spectra of star-forming galaxies, we observe strong emission lines such as [O II] and [O III] and we obtain a tentative hint of active galactic nucleus activities in these galaxies. On the other hand, the stacked spectrum of the quiescent galaxies reveals a clear 4000 angstrom break with a possible Ca II H+K absorption feature and strong emission lines such as [O II] are absent in the spectrum, confirming the quiescent nature of these galaxies. We then perform detailed spectral analyses of the stacked spectrum, which suggest that these massive quiescent galaxies formed at redshifts between 3 and 4 on a timescale of less than or similar to 0.5 Gyr. This short formation timescale is not reproduced in recent numerical simulations. We discuss possible mechanisms for how these galaxies form 10(11) M-circle dot stellar mass on a short timescale and become red and quiescent by z = 2.
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页数:16
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