Mortality among workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in an electrical capacitor manufacturing plant in Indiana: An update

被引:50
|
作者
Ruder, AM [1 ]
Hein, MJ [1 ]
Nilsen, N [1 ]
Waters, MA [1 ]
Laber, P [1 ]
Davis-King, K [1 ]
Prince, MM [1 ]
Whelan, E [1 ]
机构
[1] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA
关键词
cancer; cohort study; exposure assessment; occupational exposure; polychlorinated biphenyls;
D O I
10.1289/ehp.8253
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
An Indiana capacitor-manufacturing cohort (n = 3,569) was exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from 1957 to 1977. The original study of mortality through 1984 found excess melanoma and brain cancer; other studies of PCB-exposed individuals have found excess non-Hodgkin lymphoma and rectal, liver, biliary tract, and gallbladder cancer. Mortality was updated through 1998. Analyses have included standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls) using rates for Indiana and the United States, standardized rate ratios (SRRs), and Poisson regression rate ratios (RRs). Estimated cumulative exposure calculations used a new job-exposure matrix. Mortality overall was reduced (547 deaths; SMR, 0.81; 95% Cl, 0.7-0.9). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma mortality was elevated (9 deaths; SMR, 1.23; 95% Cl, 0.6-2.3). Melanoma remained in excess (9 deaths; SMR, 2.43; 95% Cl, 1.1-4.6), especially in the lowest tertile of estimated cumulative exposure (5 deaths; SMR, 3.72; 95% Cl, 1.2-8.7). Seven of the 12 brain cancer deaths (SMR, 1.91; 95% Cl, 1.0-3.3) occurred after the original study. Brain cancer mortality increased with exposure (in the highest tertile, 5 deaths; SMR, 2.71; 95% Cl, 0.9-6.3); the SRR dose-response trend was significant (p = 0.016). Among those working >= 90 days, both melanoma (8 deaths; SMR, 2.66; 95% Cl, 1.1-5.2) and brain cancer (11 deaths; SMR, 2.12; 95% Cl, 1.1-3.8) were elevated, especially for women: melanoma, 3 deaths (SMR, 5.99; 95% Cl, 1.2-17.5); brain cancer, 3 deaths (SMR, 2.87; 95% Cl, 0.6-8.4). These findings of excess melanoma and brain cancer mortality confirm results of the original study. Melanoma mortality was not associated with estimated cumulative exposure. Brain cancer mortality did not demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship with estimated cumulative exposure.
引用
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页码:18 / 23
页数:6
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