Weed Vegetation in Spring Wheat Crops in the Southeast of Western Siberia (On the Example of Kemerovo Region)

Nowadays one of the most important and difficult problems to be solved in crop production is the controlling of weeds. The phytosanitary situation in terms of weediness is still difficult despite the fact that over the past five years there has been a tendency to reduce sown areas and weediness of fields allocated for spring wheat and an increase in the volume of chemical treatment. The article presents the results of studies on the species composition, the number of weeds in spring wheat crops for 29 years of research (1989-2018) in Kemerovo region. It has been established that the majority of weeds growing in spring wheat crops are spring crops (50%) - Stellariamedia L., Echinochloacrus-galli L., Setariaviridis L., Amaranthusalbus L., etc. There is a large proportion of root shoots (Convolvulus arvensis Murr., Cirsiumarvense L., Sonchusarvensis L.). The predominant type of weediness in the main areas of wheat sowing is mixed such as offset weediness. The appearance of new species of weeds such as Equisetumarv.nse L., Erigeroncanadensis L., Solanumnigrum L. has been revealed in the last 10 years. An analysis of the weediness of wheat crops showed that, despite constant chemical weeding by herbicides, the percentage of weediness of crops by ephemeral offset weeds such as flowering creeping thistle (Girsiumarvense L.) and field sow thistle (Sonchusarvensis L.) remains unchanged. The share of such weed plants as field horsetail (Equisetumarvense L.), Tatar buckwheat (Fagopyrumtataricum L.), common flax (Linariavulgaris Mill., etc.), leafy spurge (Euphorbiavirgata) had increased by 2018.