CLUSTER APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

In modern conditions of globalization and global competition clusters are a tool that ensures the sustainable development of the national economy. The last decade has shown that the formation of clusters is an important and integral part of the state policy in the field of regional development not only in Russia but also in all developed countries of the world. The analysis of the current state of research in the field of theories of territorial organization of production, concepts of competitiveness, laws of formation of cluster structures, the development of new methodological tools for the identification of clusters, cluster effects, the definition of criteria and performance indicators allow to update the direction of cluster policy, to propose strategies to improve the competitiveness of regions and the quality of life. Particular scientific and practical importance of research aimed at the development of a Toolkit to encourage clustering of regional economy, with the aim of enhancing their inclusion into the system of the modernization of relations. The cluster approach contributes to the development of production of products with high added value, as well as the activation of innovative processes in conditions of lack of natural and other resources. It stimulates the deepening of the processes of complex processing of raw materials and the use of resource-saving technologies combined with a high level of specialization and cooperation of various industries, helps to unite the efforts of neighboring and related enterprises for more effective interaction, ensures high competitiveness of jointly produced products and services in national and international markets. The result of the study: in this article the cluster approach is considered as a factor of innovative development and competitiveness of the national economy, the essence and types of clusters are analyzed, the essence of the concept of "sustainable development" in relation to the national economy is analyzed; the archetypes of the regions are identified, which allowed to offer a set of measures for sustainable development of the national economy, the mechanism of implementation of cluster policy to sustainable development of the national economy is presented. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the fundamental provisions of a number of scientific areas - the theory of national and regional competitiveness, cluster economic theory, the concept of regional archetypes, theories of spatial proximity, the General theory of systems. The paper uses methods of analysis of socio-economic indicators, comparisons, groupings, tabular and graphical methods of data visualization.