Phosphorylated cellulose applied for the exfoliation of LDH: An advanced reinforcement for polyvinyl alcohol

Phosphorylated cellulose was used as a bio-based anion surfactant to exfoliate layered double hydroxides (PC-LDHs). The X-ray diffraction results showed that the interlayer spacing distances are significantly enlarged after intercalated by phosphorylated cellulose. TEM images showed that LDHs are successfully synthesized and distributed along the cellulose chains. The modified LDH was used as a reinforcement for polyvinyl alcohol. The thermal stability of PVA composites is improved after the addition of PC-LDH. In addition, the flame retardancy of PVA composites were significantly improved with the combination of PC-LDH, peak heat release rate (PHRR) was reduced. Meanwhile, the total heat release (THR) was also decreased. Moreover, the tensile strength of the polyvinyl alcohol was simultaneously improved by the increase of the loading. This work extended the application of cellulose and provide solution for enhancement of materials.(C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.