Emissions from open burning of used agricultural pesticide containers

被引:10
|
作者
Gullett, Brian K. [1 ]
Tabor, Dennis [1 ]
Touati, Abderrahmane [2 ]
Kasai, Jeanne [3 ]
Fitz, Nancy [3 ]
机构
[1] US EPA, Off Res & Dev EC43 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA
[2] ARCADIS US Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA
[3] US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent 7506P, Washington, DC 20460 USA
关键词
Pesticide containers; Open burning; Emissions; 2,4-D; Atrazine; PCDD/F EMISSIONS; COMBUSTION; FOREST; POLYETHYLENE; IMPURITIES; PRODUCTS; RESIDUE; DIOXINS; BIOMASS; PCB;
D O I
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.041
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Emissions from simulated open burning of used agricultural pesticide containers were sampled for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAHs), and particle matter (PM10 and PM2.5). Clean high density polyethylene (HDPE) containers, containers with trace pesticide, and triple-rinsed containers were burned separately in an open combustion facility and their emissions compared. Two common chlorinated pesticides were used: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-chloro-3-ethylamino-5-isopropylamino-2,4,6-triazine (atrazine). PCDD/PCDF emission factors ranged from 0.1 to 24 ng toxic equivalents (TEQ)/kg C burned with a mean and median of 4.9 and 1.9 ng TEQ/kg C burned, respectively. In a limited number of trials, the trace 2,4-D in the HDPE container led to a statistically significant increase in PCDD/PCDF formation compare to all other conditions. Residual atrazine did not lead to more PCDD/PCDF than the unrinsed 2,4-D container. Total (16 compounds) PAH emission factors varied from 1.5 to 6.7 mg/kg C burned. These limited data suggest that rinsing the 2,4-D container prior to burning reduces both PCDD/PCDF and PAH emissions. Nine PM2.5 emission factors ranged from 9 to 35 mg/gC burned and ten PM10 values ranged from 6 to 43 mg/g C burned. Neither pesticide appeared to have any effect on PM concentration. Published by Elsevier B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:236 / 241
页数:6
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