Chronic insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. In most cases insomnia is comorbid with other conditions. Patients with insomnia have an increased risk for psychiatric disorders, especially depression. This article focusses on the question of whether chronic insomnia is just a symptom of these other disorders or whether it is a primary disorder that itself merits treatment. Recent research into the pathophysiology of insomnia, especially new insights in the concept of chronic hyperarousal, underlines the trend for considering insomnia as a disorder and not merely a symptom.
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Chengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Gong, Liang
Yu, Siyi
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Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Yu, Siyi
Xu, Ronghua
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Chengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Xu, Ronghua
Liu, Duan
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Chengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Liu, Duan
Dai, Xijian
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Nanjing Univ, Jinling Hosp, Dept Med Imaging, Med Sch, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Dai, Xijian
Wang, Zhengyan
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Sichuan Integrat Med, Dept Pain Management, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Wang, Zhengyan
Hu, Youping
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Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Dept Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Hu, Youping
Yan, Bohua
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Hosp Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Yan, Bohua
Kui, Yu
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Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp 2, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Kui, Yu
Zhang, Bei
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Chengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
Zhang, Bei
Feng, Fen
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Hosp Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, Peoples R ChinaChengdu Second Peoples Hosp, Dept Neurol, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, Peoples R China
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Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA
Univ Penn, Behav Sleep Med Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USAAllegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA
Beqiri, E.
Bremer, E. M.
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Univ Penn, Behav Sleep Med Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USAAllegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA
Bremer, E. M.
Jackson, N. J.
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机构:Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA
Jackson, N. J.
Grandner, M. A.
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机构:Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA
Grandner, M. A.
Gehrman, P.
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Univ Penn, Behav Sleep Med Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USAAllegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA
Gehrman, P.
Perlis, M. L.
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Univ Penn, Behav Sleep Med Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USAAllegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA
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Durban Univ Technol, Dept Homoeopathy, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South AfricaDurban Univ Technol, Dept Homoeopathy, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa
Naude, David Francis
Couchman, Ingrid Marcelline Stephanie
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Durban Univ Technol, Dept Homoeopathy, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South AfricaDurban Univ Technol, Dept Homoeopathy, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa
Couchman, Ingrid Marcelline Stephanie
Maharaj, Ashnie
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Durban Univ Technol, Dept Homoeopathy, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South AfricaDurban Univ Technol, Dept Homoeopathy, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa