Can the Smart City Pilot Policy Promote High-Quality Economic Development? A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on 239 Cities in China

By the end of 2020, more than 900 cities in China had made plans to construct smart cities. Based on the data of 239 cities in China from 2003 to 2019, this study developed difference-in-difference (DID) models to evaluate the promoting effect of the smart city pilot policy on high-quality economic development. The results show that the smart city pilot policy has significantly promoted high-quality economic development, and this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests. The policy is more conducive to high-quality economic development in the small and medium-sized cities of mid-western regions than in the large cities in eastern regions. The impact mechanism test shows that the pilot policy affects the high-quality economic development of a region by improving the levels of innovative development, coordinated development, green development, open development and shared development.