Evaluation with Confusable Ground Truth

Subjective judgment with human rating has been an important way of constructing ground truth for the evaluation in the research areas including information retrieval. Researchers aggregate the ratings of an instance into a single score by statistical measures or label aggregation methods to evaluate the proposed approaches and baselines. However, the rating distributions of instances are diverse even if the aggregated scores are same. We define a term of confusability which represents how confusable the reviewers are on the instances. We find that confusability has prominent influence on the evaluation results with a exploration study. We thus propose a novel evaluation solution with several effective confusability measures and confusability aware evaluation methods. They can be used as a supplementary to existing rating aggregation methods and evaluation methods.