Load Frequency Control of an Interconnected Reheat Thermal system using Type-2 fuzzy system including SMES units

The transient behavior of many large scale systems is heavily influenced by perturbations and in particular, usually, due to changes in operating points. Load Frequency Control (LFC) in power systems is very important in order to supply reliable electric power with good quality. The goal of LFC is to maintain zero steady state errors for frequency deviations in each control area. Several control strategies, such as classical control, optimal control, suboptimal control, adaptive control, variable structure control etc. have been employed in the past to explore an optimum controller for LFC. In practice LFC systems use simple Proportional Integral (PI) controllers, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers etc. This paper presents a method based on Type-2 Fuzzy System (T2FS) for Load frequency control (LFC) of power systems including Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) units of a two-area interconnected reheat thermal system. This paper proposes a Type-2 (T2) fuzzy approach for load frequency control of two-area interconnected reheat thermal power system with the consideration of Generation Rate Constraint (CRC). Boiler Dynamics (BD) and SMES. The salient advantage of this controller is its high insensitivity to large load changes and plant parameter variations even in the presence of non-linearities. The proposed method is tested on a two-area power system to illustrate its robust performance with various area load changes. The performance of the Type-2 (T2) fuzzy controller is compared with optimal PID (Khamsum's optimal PID) controller and Fuzzy PI Controller (Type-1 Fuzzy) controller in the presence of CRC, BD and SMES. Simulation results confirm the high robustness of the proposed SMES controller with small power capacity against various disturbances and system uncertainties in comparison with SMES in the previous research. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.