Paenibacillus tyraminigenes sp nov isolated from Myeolchi-jeotgal, a traditional Korean salted and fermented anchovy

A bacterial strain H3029, a gram-positive, rod-shaped, oxidase-negative. endospore-forming bacterium that characteristically produces tyramine from tyrosine, was isolated from a Myeolchi-jeotgal, a traditional Korean salted and fermented anchovy (Engroulis japonicus). The H3029 strain showed a high ability to produce 4140 mu g/ml of tyramine from the culture broth containing 5000 mu g/ml tyrosine. On the other hand, the strain produced a relatively low level of other putrefactive amines, at 973 mu g/ml of putrescine and 147 mu g/ml of cadaverine from the media, with each 5000 mu g/ml of ornithine hydrochloride and lysine hydrochloride. The H3029 strain produced no detectable level of histamine (detection limit of 4 mu g/ml) from the media containing 5000 mu g/ml of histidine hydrochloride. Meanwhile, tyramine, the main product of the strain, showed the antimicrobial activity at the level of over 1 mg/disk against Staphylococcus aureus by agar diffusion test. and the mutagenicity in Ames test at 0.1 mg/plate using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA1535. On the basis of the polyphasic taxonomic study, the H3029(T) strain was assigned a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus as Paenibacillus tyraminigenes sp. nov. The type strain of which is strain H3029(T) (=KCTC 10694BP(T)). (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.