Multihop Routing in Hybrid Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Networks

Efficient data delivery is of significant importance, however highly challenging for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications due to high vehicle speed, time-varying vehicle density, and limited inter-vehicle contact duration. Alternatively, incorporating vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications paves a migration path for bridging long-range vehicular connectivity by introducing stationary network entities, e.g., road-side unit. In this paper, we develop a mathematical framework to address the performance of data delivery in hybrid V2V and V2I networks by considering both latency and throughput requirements. With the theoretical analysis, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the weighted sum of the latency and the throughput for the hybrid V2V and V2I networks, and further propose a multihop routing algorithm to select the optimal route for the weighted sum maximization. Simulation results show that the proposed solution achieves significantly higher throughput and lower latency compared to the existing routing algorithms.