Principal components analysis of cointegrated time series

This paper considers the analysis of cointegrated time series using principal components methods, These methods have the advantage of requiring neither the normalization imposed by the triangular error correction model nor the specification of a finite-order vector autoregression. An asymptotically efficient estimator of the cointegrating vectors is given, along with tests for cointegration and tests of certain linear restrictions on the cointegrating vectors. An illustrative application is provided.