Black hole attack detection in vehicular ad-hoc network using secure AODV routing algorithm

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has received significant attention in the research domain of intelligent transportation system (ITS) as they provide safety and security to drivers and passengers. As compared to mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), VANETs are mainly different in terms of characteristics, and system architecture. Security in VANET has been an important issue as it effects the communication between both (V-2-V) vehicles-to vehicle and (V-2-I) vehicle to infrastructure. In VANET, malicious attacks affect the security of the networks, and it is necessary to identify and prevent such security attacks. In VANET network, any node can function as a router for the others nodes, and a malicious node connected to the network may inject spoofed routing tables to the other nodes thereby affecting the operation of the network. To overcome this issue, a secure AODV routing protocol is developed for detection of black hole attack in this paper. The proposed method is a modified version of the original AODV routing protocol with improvements in the RREQ packet and RREP packet protocols. For added security, a cryptography function-based encryption and decryption is included to verify the source and destination nodes. The proposed approach is demonstrated on a NS-2.33 simulator using different network parameters like drop packets, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio (PDR) and routing request overhead. Results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing AODV routing protocol under black hole attack and improves the network performance.