Advanced Secured Routing Algorithm of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network

Advances in wireless communication have opened up significant avenues wherein vehicles can themselves communicate with other vehicles and roadside infrastructure strategically placed at critical sections of the road. However, the large-scale acceptance of vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is still facing challenges and issues that concern the network layer security aspects. There are a lot of attacks which can manipulate the routing in VANETs. Because a lot of efforts are put on finding efficient techniques for finding paths than considering security. In this research a secured AODV routing protocol is proposed to detect malicious nodes, prevent black hole attacks and provide secure data transmission in VANET. The proposed algorithm is based on asymmetric public key infrastructure using elliptic curve cryptographic (ECC) technique. ECC is used for key generation and certificate authority is used to authenticate the vehicle. Each vehicle uses a special data structure (heap) to store routing information. The main objective of this algorithm is to improve security and efficiency in VANET. Whereas road safety can be improved by providing secure and timely information on road traffic conditions, these traffic related messages must be authenticated. We have done the necessary modifications in code of AODV to suit the security requirements as per our proposed algorithm. The performance of proposed Enhanced Secure AODV (ES-AODV) algorithm is compared with different protocols such as AODV and B-AODV (AODV with Black Hole Attack) using NCTUns simulator. Extensive simulation scenarios are considered and final results show that proposed algorithm has 20% higher throughput in comparison to AODV protocol, which makes it more efficient in a sparse vehicular environment having vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure communication. Also, proposed algorithm has 10% lower packet drop and a lesser number of collisions which renders it more reliable for the V2V environment and also provides high packet delivery ratio. The proposed secured routing algorithm is fast, simple, reliable, and computationally less expensive and less storage cost. It can be implemented in intelligent transportation system for better security and efficiency which is very much required in VANET.